How ancient fountains were realized
Chinese classical gardens advocate nature and strive to be elegant, quiet and wild. In the aspect of garden water management, we should pay attention to the artistic representation of natural water state. The application of artificial dynamic water fountain is less. According to the book of Han Dynasty, there are facilities in Shanglin garden of Han Dynasty, such as "exciting the river, spitting the water by the copper dragon, holding the cup and receiving the water to bet".
According to the records of Jia's talks, "there are double white stone lotus in the imperial Tang pool of Huaqing Palace in the Tang Dynasty, and the spring holes gush out of the urn mouth and spray on the white lotus.".
In the famous garden of Luoyang, there is water gushing out of the flowers in Dong's west garden. Some water features have been preserved up to now, such as the water spitting of Huanglong cave in Hangzhou, which was built in the Chunyou period of the Southern Song Dynasty (1241-1252).
The principle of fountain is conservation of momentum. From the large radius pipe to the small radius pipe, there is a change of velocity, which is rushing to the direction away from the ground. The speed of the big radius is driven by the pump, and the speed in the small radius is the original speed and momentum conversion speed. We need to choose a micro element to calculate the conservation of momentum, so that we can find a velocity. This velocity is the exit velocity, and then there is an up throw movement. This is an ideal situation, no friction, no wind.
Fountains originated very early. In the 6th century BC, fountains were built in the hanging gardens of Babylon. In ancient Greece, drinking water springs gradually developed into decorative springs. It is said that fountains originated from the method of water supply for fasting and bathing in Islamic countries. In Islamic gardens, fountains are arranged along the axis or as the center of local composition. In the Renaissance, the fountain technology developed greatly. In this period, the fountains were combined with statues, columns, pools and so on. Famous fountains, such as the famous "Baiquan footpath" in the villa of ISTE, Italy, and the fountainhead of lenter. At that time, he was also engaged in the sound design of water fun. For example, in the famous owl fountain, there are a group of copper birds chirping. After the owl screams, there is a sudden silence. After a pause, the copper birds are noisy again. Some fountains are combined with statues and cascading waterfalls to create scenery, such as the "water organ" in Aster villa.
